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Transport Layer Protocols

There are two fundamental protocols in the transport layer  1. TCP Transmission Control Protocol-- connection-oriented protocol 2. UDP User Datagram Protocol -- connectionless protocol Connection-oriented communication : establishes a logical (virtual) connection prior to sending data. Connectionless communication : sends data right away without establishing a logical connection Qn why do we have transport layer protocal?  IP provides a weak, but efficient service model (best-effort ) How should hosts send into the network?      i.)Flow Control      ii.) Too fast is bad; too slow is not efficient IP packets are addressed to a host           How to decide which application gets which packets?         NOTE TRASPORT LAYER IS RESPONSIBLE FOR PROCESS TO PROCESS DELIVERY PORTS port is a communication endpoints  Since there are many applications running on a computer, there is a need to decide which application gets which packet. A port number is a way to identify a specific application (proc

How to Open an iPhone

1.Turn off the iPhone. Press and hold the iPhone's Power button, then swipe the slide to power off switch at the top of the screen right. This will turn off your iPhone, thereby minimizing the chance of an electric shock.
2.

Remove your iPhone's SIM card. There is a small hole on the right side of your iPhone, a bit below the Power button; insert a thin object, such as a bent paperclip or a pin, into this hole to eject the SIM tray. Once the SIM tray pops out, simply remove the SIM card and push the tray back in.
  • Make sure you store the SIM card in a dry, clean place. If you have a small plastic bag or container, it's best to store the SIM card there.

3.Prepare a work surface. You'll want a clean, well-lit, level surface on which to remove your iPhone's display. It will also help to have a soft item, such as a clean microfiber towel, on which you can rest your iPhone screen side-down.
  • Consider giving the surface a good wipe-down with a damp rag and letting it dry before you begin working on your iPhone. This will get rid of dust and other tiny bits of foreign matter.

4

Gather your tools. You will need the following tools in order to open up an iPhone 7 or iPhone 6S:
  • P2 Pentalobe screwdriver - This screwdriver is used for most iPhone repairs and teardowns.
  • Phillips #000 screwdriver (iPhone 6 only) - Make sure this one has a + shaped head and not a flathead.
  • Tripoint Y000 screwdriver (iPhone 7 only) - This is used for some of the iPhone 7's unique screws.
  • Spudger - This thin, plastic lever is used to pry the display and connectors up. You can also use a similar item, such as a guitar pick.
  • Heat source - Tech outlets provide different versions of the same general product, which is a gel- or sand-filled bag that you heat up in the microwave and then place on the iPhone to loosen the display adhesive.
  • Suction cup - You'll need this in order to pull the iPhone's screen off.
  • Plastic bags - These are for any screws or other components you remove. You can also use tupperware containers or bowls if need be.

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