There are two fundamental protocols in the transport layer 1. TCP Transmission Control Protocol-- connection-oriented protocol 2. UDP User Datagram Protocol -- connectionless protocol Connection-oriented communication : establishes a logical (virtual) connection prior to sending data. Connectionless communication : sends data right away without establishing a logical connection Qn why do we have transport layer protocal? IP provides a weak, but efficient service model (best-effort ) How should hosts send into the network? i.)Flow Control ii.) Too fast is bad; too slow is not efficient IP packets are addressed to a host How to decide which application gets which packets? NOTE TRASPORT LAYER IS RESPONSIBLE FOR PROCESS TO PROCESS DELIVERY PORTS port is a communication endpoints Since there are many applications running on a co...
There may come a time when you will need to format your hard drive for some reason or another. These reasons may be because you are installing new operating system from scratch, or you want to wipe out a secondary drive to start fresh with new data or maybe even if you want to delete the partitions on a hard drive itself. Whatever the reason you are choosing to format your drive it’s very easy to do and there are several ways to do it. You can even format things like external hard drives and USB flash drives. Just keep in mind that with whatever drive you choose to format you will lose all the data on that drive so be sure to back it up first if you care about it! The first and easiest way to format a drive is to open Windows Explorer\File Explorer and find the drive you want to format. Then you can simply right click on it and choose Format from the list. You will then be presented with a dialog box showing you information about the drive and also giving you some settings that y...